《古谣谚》第二十八章 卷二十七清 · 杜文澜
時人為楊雄桓譚語
廣輿記
玩楊子雲之篇。樂於居千乘之官。挾桓君山之書。富於積猗頓之財。
Words said by Yang Xiong and Huan Tan’s contemporaries about their fortunes. Yang Xiong obtained the emperor’s admiration through his writing, and Huan Tan through giving the emperorgood advice.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
鑑湖諺
廣輿記
水繞鑑湖弦。吉水出狀元。
A saying about the area around Lake Jian, regarding how people from that area would be the winners of the government civil service test.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
廬陵民為劉竺歌
廣輿記
公家無負租。私室有餘粟。
A song sung by people of Lu Ling about Liu Zhu, their able official for twenty years. When he was governing Lu Ling, the government had no deficit and every household had extra foodstored.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
丁溪諺
廣輿記
水畫丁﹑羅簪纓。
A saying in Ding Xi on the coast of the southeast of China, predicting that someone would winthe first place of the government civil service test after a flood.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
湖廣諺
地圖綜要
湖廣熟。天下足。
When the area around Dong Ting Lake has a good harvest, the entire country hasenough food.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
颶風諺
地圖綜要
朝三暮七。晝不過一。
Words said about the typhoons that come for three to seven days on the coast of Guang Dong.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
諸生稱陳選蕭鳴鳳語
一統志
陳泰山。蕭北斗。Words said by students in the government university praising the virtue and good teaching skills of Chen Xuan and Xiao Ming Fong.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
上元民為霍韜程【節】歌
一統志
禮部霍韜天有日。上元程【節】月無雲。
A song sung by people of Shang Yuan about Huo Tao and Cheng Jie, who had such kind policies for the people.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
時人為吳羽文謠
一統志
木化為人。人化為木。
A song sung by people about a famous official, Wu Yu Wen, in Yang Zhou. Wu had someone carve a wooden man that he used in a court session. When the wooden man was standing right outside the court, that meant there were no court cases held that day.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
績溪南關橋水諺
一統志
九步流東水。
A folk saying about the county of Ji Xi’s Nan Guan bridge which is only nine steps away from another county.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
銅陵管山諺
一統志
青獅白象。為銅保障。
A folk saying about Mount Guan, which is shaped like a lion and an elephant. The saying says that this green tiger and white elephant is a geographical guard for the Tong Ling area.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
績溪邑人為蘇轍葉楠歌
一統志
前有蘇黃門。後有葉令君。
A song sung by people of Ji Xi about two good officials.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
滁州豐山諺
一統志
豐山著帽。豐年之兆。When the top of Mount Fong has clouds shaped like a hat, it is an omen for a good harvest.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
廣靈雅兒匯諺
一統志
壽民丹水。
A folk saying in Gaung Ling county for the healing power of the water from a local pond named: "Duck-Gathering."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
青州民為陳勛謠
一統志
去陳府。百姓苦。A song sung by people of Qing Zhou about their appreciation for their local official Chen Xu. If Chen Xu goes, the general population will suffer.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
商河聶家窪諺
一統志
十年九不收。一收勝十秋。
A folksaying in Nei Jia valley about the unpredictability of their harvest, which is affectedgreatly by flood. They may go without any harvest for nine years and once they have a goodharvest, it is better than ten years’ worth of harvests.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
溫縣百姓為沃墅歌
一統志
田野闢。沃公力。衣食足。沃公育。A song sung by people of Wen county about their good mayer Wo Shu, who enactedconstructive agriculture policy and ensured the people’s livelihood.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
鞏昌民為戴浩歌
一統志
君侯守邊。惠政無前。我行我道。蕩蕩便便。A song sung by people of Gong Chang concerning the good work of their official Dai Hao, who distributed government food without prior authorization in order to counteract a severe famine,and thus risked his own life. He was also able to eliminate bandits on the road so that peoplecould travel easily.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
時為趙登岳璿謠
一統志
賢守趙岳。治行卓犖。
A saying that people have for two governors of Hu Zhou, praising their competence in designingpolicies good for the people.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
江西民為王哲謠
一統志
江西有一哲。六月飛霜雪。天下有十哲。太平無休歇。
A song sung by people of Jiang Xi about their top official Wang Zhe, who was able to relievepeople of a major drought by releasing innocent people wrongly convicted, thereby causing it torain. The words say that if there were to be ten Wang Zhe’s in the world, there would becontinuous peace.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
安遠縣三百坑水諺
一統志
贛州九十九條河。中有一條通博羅。A folk saying about the many rivers in Gan Zhou.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
興國長信瀧諺
一統志
龍下三瀧。舟楫莫當。
A saying about one section of Lian River where boats cannot go through because of big waves.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
僧伽行歌
一統志
趙家天子趙家王。
A song sung by a monk who drinks alcohol and eats meat. His song correctly predicts thecoming to power of the Zhao family of the Sung dynasty.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
時人目戴金石金語
一統志
楚有二金。臺中錚錚。
Words said about Dai Jin and Shi Jin, who came from the same place and were both outstandingofficials.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
高州民為嚴琥歌
一統志
生我慈母。活我嚴父。
A song sung by people of Gao Zhou expressing their appreciation for their governor Yan Hu.The words say that "My mother gave birth to me, but Yan Hui gave me a life."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
蒲江民為安郁謠
一統志
安從周。積柴樓。感天雨。民有秋。昔無衣。今有裘。A song sung by people of Pu Jiang about their official An Yu, who made a sacrifice and got it torain, thereby reliving a major drought and enabling the people to have a harvest.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
福州九仙山諺
一統志
三山藏。三山現。三山不可見。
A folk saying about the Jiu Xian ("Nine Fairy) Mountain Range. The words say that whenlooking at a certain angle, you see three ranges appearing and the other three hidden, and the lastthree are impossible to see.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
永福雁湖雪峰山古諺
一統志
雁湖深。雪峰沈。雁湖淺。雪峰見。
An ancient saying about Yan Lake and Mount Snow Peak. They situate right across from eachother.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
方山水諺
一統志
水浸方山鼻。不浸獅子耳。
Words said about the Min River in Fu Zhou. There are high and low mountains surrounding theriver.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
清源郡人為薛昱歌
一統志
郡號清源。官有清德。
A song sung by people of Qing Yuan about their mayor Xue Yi, who was righteous and kind tothe people.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
漁梁山諺
一統志
無衣無裳。莫過漁梁。
A folk saying about Mount Yu Liang which is colder than other places. If one is not wearing enough clothes, one should not go up that mountain.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
連城民為李弇謠
一統志
訟者息爭。居者安仁。李公為政。百姓如春。
A song sung by people of Lian Cheng about their governor Li Yan, who was able to resolvedisputes by educating the people.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
歸善平湖諺
一統志
鱷湖平。出公卿。
A folk saying about how government officials are born in the area around E Lake.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
射木山諺
一統志
雨未晴。看雲靈。
If one wants to know if it is going to rain or not, one only has to look at the clouds on top of SheMu Mountain.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
北障山諺
一統志
鳥不過靈川。
Even birds cannot fly through Bei Zhang Mountain.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
時人為鄧盛語
一統志
一問得竟。皋陶鄧盛。
Words said about Deng Sheng, praising his skill in getting criminal suspects to talk by treatingthem well.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
曲靖民為焦韶歌
一統志
一本兩穗。嘉禾滿田。太守焦公。其德格天。
A song sung by people of Qu Jing about their governor Jiao Shao, who built schools, cut taxesand encouraged bandits to become good people.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
湖州民為侯必登歌
一統志
不可一日無侯公。
A song sung by people of Hu Zhou about their governor, Huo Bi Deng. They said:"We cannotlive one day without Mr. Huo."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
大理民為蔣雲漢語
一統志
不畏公箠。但畏公唾。
Words said by people of Da Li about their governor Jiang Yun Han, who was good at gettingconfessions from suspects by talking to them nicely.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
太和民為楊南金謠
一統志
上官不動。權豪不動。財貨不動。
A song sung by people of Tai He about their mayor Yang Nan Jin, who never did wrong just toplease his superior and who could not be bought with money or anything else.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
瓜哇國諺
一統志
太平闍婆。
Words said about about the peaceful and bountiful life in Java.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
清河水利語
天下郡國利病書
開了口。渰無走。
倒坡水。渰無底。
Words said about the devastating flood caused by a broken dyke whenever their is a rain storm inthe Wei River delta.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
嘉定訟獄言
天下郡國利病書
人命無真假。只在原告不肯罷。
Words said about the judicial system in Jia Ding. Somehow, in that county, the coroner’s officeblackmails any househod with a recently deceased person, thereby creating much trouble for theresidents.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
田土諺
天下郡國利病書
千年田﹑八百主。
Words said about the constant changing of hands of farm lands because the land owners couldnot afford the high taxes.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
溧陽馬政謠
天下郡國利病書
糧逐水。田逐馬。
A saying in Li Yang about the citizen’s civil duty to provide the government with grain andhorses for warfare.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
徐州楚王山里諺
天下郡國利病書
山前九十九口井。山後九十九口塚。
Words said about Chu Wang Mountain. In front of the mountain, there are ninety-nine wells andin the back of the mountain, there are ninety-nine ancient tombs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
曹縣賦役謠
天下郡國利病書
家有二頃田。頭枕衙門眠。
Words said in Cao county about the simple tax plan that people liked better than one that hadmultiple items.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
臨淄諺
天下郡國利病書
臨淄出古物。
There are many antiques buried in the tombs in Lin Zi.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
邊人為敵情談二則
天下郡國利病書
百騎不避城。千騎不避路。萬騎不避鎮。
鎮守戰。原野撼。分守戰。山谷斷。守備戰。溪岸判。
Words said about battle strategies.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
預備諺
天下郡國利病書
冬不可以廢葛。夏不可以廢裘。
Words said about a defense preparation system. The words say that in the winter, one should notdiscard summer clothes and in the summer, one should not discard fur coats.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
北人水旱諺
天下郡國利病書
北人水旱。聽命於天。
People in the north (around the Yellow River) have no control over drought or flooding.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
鄖陽諺
天下郡國利病書
何知盜穴。山岩葦茁。
Bandits gather around moutains that have complicated geography that makes it hard to search forthings or people.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
江陵李家堤諺
天下郡國利病書
水來打破李家堤。荊州便是養魚池。
Words said about Jing Zhou. When the water broke Li’s dyke, Jing Zhou became a fish pond.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
蜜溪神潭諺
天下郡國利病書
蜜溪水﹑神潭茶。
The water of Mi River tastes good and the tea grown around Shen Lake is good.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
浙江田土俚諺
天下郡國利病書
將錢買田。不如窮漢日安眠。
有田應門戶。因田成禍門。
A folk saying in Zhe Jiang area. The words say that one would be better off not to buy any landwhen one has money, since when one has land, the government imposes heavy taxes on one’sproperties.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
漳州民為佃戶謠
天下郡國利病書
久佃成業。When one becomes a tenant farmer (renting farm lands to do farming), the gain is so little thatone is stuck with that trade forever.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
時人為葛皓李璋簡沛章極諺
天下郡國利病書
遇葛李則生。逢章簡必死。
Words said about some officials who were in charge of eliminating bandits. When the banditsmeet Ge Hao and Li Zhang, they might live, but if they meet Jian Pei or Zhang Ji, they definitelywill be executed.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
垠水魚蟹諺
天下郡國利病書
西水漫漫。魚蟹滿盤。
A folk saying about the bountiful fish and crab production of the Yin River.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
行人為摩泥七亭謠
天下郡國利病書
摩泥普市天。三日無雨似神仙。
A folk saying about the Muo Ni Qi Ting area in Yun Nan, which is constantly rainy.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
正山諺
方輿紀要
正山巍峨接星斗。分別岡巒九十九。
Words said about the wide-stretching Zheng Mountain Range. Some of the peaks are really high.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
澠水古諺
方輿紀要
澠水不冰。瘦馬不渡。
An ancient folk saying about Min River. When the Min River is not frozen, skinny horsescannot go cross the river.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
華林山諺
方輿紀要
若要華林敗。三寶去立寨。
Words said about Hua Lin Mountain where bandits gather. The saying suggests that if thegovernment troops want to eliminate those bandits, they ought to set up a camp on Three JewelPeak.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
慵嶺諺
方輿紀要
高霄慵隔。去天三尺。A folk saying about the great height of Yong Mountain.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
葫蘆山語
方輿紀要
潮生潮落。葫蘆自若。
Hu Lu Mountain stays the same way whether the sea water around it ebbs or flows.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延平邵武諺
方輿紀要
銅延平。鐵邵武。
Words said about two cities in the southeast of China. The two cities are easy to guard againstinvasion because of their geographical advantages.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
釣魚臺諺
方輿紀要
水浸釣魚臺。上下不通來。
When the water level is above the Fishing Plateau (a mountain in a river), there is a major floodand transportation is not possible.