《古谣谚》第四章 卷三清 · 杜文澜
楊慎引俗諺釋三拖鞶帶
升菴經說
寵婢作管家。鑰匙不響手撥刺。
A description of how it is a bad idea to spoil the maid to the extent that she dominates the entire household.
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楊慎引俗諺釋密雲不雨
升菴經說
雲往東。一場空。雲往西。馬濺泥。
雲往南。水潭潭。雲往北。好曬麥。
Describing how the direction of the movements of clouds affects rain.
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楊慎引童子歌謠釋綠竹
升菴經說
雞冠花。菉蓐草。
Ji Guan flower (the flower that looks like a rooster’s comb), and Lu Ru grass.
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楊慎引諺釋碩人之薖
升菴經說
心安茅屋隱。When one’s heart is at peace, so is one’s thatch-roofed house.
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楊慎引俗諺釋禨羞
升菴經說
饑梳頭。飽洗澡。
Comb your hair when you are hungry, take a bath when you are full.
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楊慎引諺釋化土
升菴經說
晴則如刀。雨則如膏。
A certain kind of mud is sharp like knife when the sky is clear and soft like ointment when it is raining.
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蘻草諺
爾雅舊注
苦如蘻
Bitter as Xi grass.
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劉熙引里語釋瑱
釋名
不瘖不聾。不成姑公。If one is not deaf and dumb yet, one is not a mother-in-law or father-in-law to a woman.
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顏師古引諺
匡謬正俗
賊無歷底中道回。
If bandits do not have an insider to help out, they will turn back half way.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
陸佃引俗語釋龍
埤雅
龍精於目。
The sharpest organs of a dragon are its eyes.
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陸佃又引俗語釋鯊
埤雅
鯊性沙抱。
The nature of the fish Sha is to hug sand.
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陸佃又引俗語釋虎
埤雅
鳩食桑葚則醉。貓食荷則醉。虎食狗則醉。The bird Jiou gets intoxicated by eating mulberries, cats get intoxicated by eating mints, and tigers get intoxicated by eating dogs.
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陸佃又引俗語二則釋豺
埤雅
豺群噬虎。
瘦如豺。
The animal Cai can eat tigers as a group.
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陸佃又引里語釋狼
埤雅
狼卜食。
Wolves choose the right direction to go for hunting for their food.
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陸佃又引世語釋貓
埤雅
薄荷醉貓。死貓引竹。
Mints intoxicate cats and dead cats in turn induce the growth of bamboo.
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陸佃又引俗語釋熊羆
埤雅
熊羆眼直。惡人橫目。
The bears look straight ahead and evil people look to the side.
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陸佃又引世語二則釋烏
埤雅
鴛交頸而感。烏傳涎而孕。
鵲傳枝。鴉茹沫。A female Mandarin duck gets impregnated by crossing its neck to a male duck and a crow gets impregnated by catching saliva. The bird Qui gets impregnated by being attached to some twigs of trees and the bird Ya by eating saliva.
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陸佃又引人語釋鳩
埤雅
天將雨。鳩逐婦。
When it is about to rain, the male Jiu birds chase away the females.
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陸佃又引諺釋鷺
埤雅
鷺鷥相逐成胎。
Herons get impregnated after the chase.
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陸佃又引閩諺釋鴇
埤雅
鴇無舌。兔無脾。
The bird Bao does not have a tongue and rabbits do not have spleens.
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陸佃又引俗語釋蚊
埤雅
蚊有昏市。
Mosquitoes open their market at dusk.
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陸佃又引諺二則釋桃
埤雅
白頭種桃。
桃三李四。梅子十二。One can plant a peach tree and get fruit even if one is old with gray hair. It takes three years for peach trees to bear fruit, four years for the kind of plum tree called Li and twelve years for the kind of plum tree called Mei.
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陸佃又引俗語釋梅
埤雅
梅華優於香。桃華優於色。
Plum flowers are superior in fragrance, but peach flowers are superior in color.
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陸佃又引諺釋木瓜
埤雅
梨百損一益。楙百益一損。
There is only one benefit and hundreds of bad effects from eating pears. But eating Mao has hundreds of benefits and just one bad effect.
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陸佃又引俗語釋芡
埤雅
荷華日舒夜斂。芡華晝合宵炕。
Lotus flowers bloom during the day and close at night, but Qian flowers close during the day and bloom fiercely at night.
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陸佃又引俗語釋藕
埤雅
藕生應月。月生一節。閏輒益一。
Lotus roots grow all year round. Every month, the grow another section, and during intercalary months, they get even more time to grow.
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嵇含引諺論蠆
爾雅翼
過滿百。為蠆所螫。
I have over a hundred faults and therefore get bit by Chai (a kind of poisonous insect related to scorpion)
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羅願引諺論河豚
爾雅翼
得一部。典一褲。If one wants to buy three globe fish, one has to sell a pair of pants.
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羅願又引諺論鯰
爾雅翼
鯰魚上竹。
The fish Zhan climbs up on bamboo shrubs.
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羅願又引諺論蟹
爾雅翼
網中得蟹。無魚可賣。
If one catches only crabs in the net, then there are no fish to sell.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
羅願又引諺論蛇
爾雅翼
一畝之地。三蛇九鼠。An acre of land contains three snakes and nine ground hogs.
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越人土風歌
說文長箋
其山崔巍以嵯峨。其水溢沓而揚波。其人砢而英多。
That mountain is very tall and that water so deep that waves form. That person is gifted with so many good qualities.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
池魚諺
廣韻
城門失火。殃及池魚。There was a fire in the city gate area. As the water from the fish pond was used to put out the fire, the fish died from lack of water.
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時人為應曜語
廣韻
商山四皓。不如淮陽一老。
The four intelligent people in Shang mountain are not as good as that old man in Hui Yang.
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楊慎引蜀童謠釋鴃
轉注古音略
陽雀叫。鵜鴃央。
The bird Yang Chui’s call is like shouting, the bird Ti Gui’s call sounds peaceful.