shoulder

英 [ˈʃəʊldə(r)]

美 [ˈʃoʊldər]

n.  肩; 肩膀; 肩胛; …肩膀的; (衣服的)肩部
v.  承担; 担负; 挤; 闯; (用肩膀)推开，顶开

复数：shoulders　过去式：shouldered　现在分词：shouldering　过去分词：shouldered　第三人称单数：shoulders　

中考高考CET4CET6考研GRETEM4

Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.1149 / COCA.986

习惯用语

n.

be looking over your shoulder
• 惴惴不安；小心提防
  to be anxious and have the feeling that sb is going to do sth unpleasant or harmful to you
on sb's shoulders
• 由某人承担
  if blame, guilt , etc. is on sb's shoulders , they must take responsibility for it
put your shoulder to the wheel
• 着手大干起来；全力以赴
  to start working very hard at a particular task
a shoulder to cry ona shoulder to cry onshoulder to shoulder (with sb)
• 肩并肩地；紧挨着
  physically close to sb
• 并肩；齐心协力
  as one group that has the same aims, opinions, etc.
have a chip on your shoulder (about sth)
• （因受过委屈而变得）敏感，好生气
  to be sensitive about sth that happened in the past and become easily offended if it is mentioned because you think that you were treated unfairly
give sb the cold shoulder
• 冷漠对待；使受到冷遇
  to treat sb in an unfriendly way
be/stand head and shoulders above sb/sth
• 比其他人（或事物）好得多；出类拔萃；鹤立鸡群
  to be much better than other people or things
(have) an old head on young shoulders
• 年轻老练；少年老成
  used to describe a young person who acts in a more sensible way than you would expect for a person of their age
rub shoulders with sb
• 与某人接触（或交往）
  to meet and spend time with a famous person, socially or as part of your job
straight from the shoulder
• 坦诚；直言不讳
  if you say sth straight from the shoulder , you are being very honest and direct, even if what you are saying is critical

牛津词典

noun

身体部位 part of body
• 肩；肩膀；肩胛
  either of the two parts of the body between the top of each arm and the neck
  1. He slung the bag over his shoulder.
     他把包一甩，挎在肩上。
  2. She tapped him on the shoulder.
     她拍了拍他的肩膀。
  3. He looked back over his shoulder.
     他扭头朝后看。
  4. She shrugged her shoulders (= showing that she didn't know or care) .
     她耸了耸肩。
  5. an off-the-shoulder dress
     露肩连衣裙
  6. He carried the child on his shoulders.
     他把孩子扛在肩上。
肩膀… -shouldered
• …肩膀的
  having the type of shoulders mentioned
  1. broad-shouldered
     宽肩的
衣服 clothing
• （衣服的）肩部
  the part of a piece of clothing that covers the shoulder
  1. a jacket with padded shoulders
     带垫肩的夹克
肉 meat
• 前腿连肩肉
  meat from the top part of one of the front legs of an animal that has four legs
山、瓶子等 of mountain/bottle, etc.
• 山肩；瓶肩
  a part of sth, such as a bottle or mountain, that is shaped like a shoulder
  1. The village lay just around the shoulder of the hill.
     村子恰好坐落在山肩处。
公路边 side of road
• 路肩（公路两侧供车辆紧急停靠的地带）
  an area of ground at the side of a road where vehicles can stop in an emergency
  1. No shoulder for next 5 miles.
     前方5英里之内没有路肩。

verb

承担责任 accept responsibility
• 承担；担负
  to accept the responsibility for sth
  1. to shoulder the responsibility/blame for sth
     对某事承担责任 / 过失
  2. women who shoulder the double burden of childcare and full-time work
     既抚养孩子又做全职工作，承担着双重负担的妇女
用肩推 push with shoulder
• 挤；闯
  to push forward with your shoulder in order to get somewhere
  1. He shouldered his way through the crowd and went after her.
     他侧身从人群中挤了过去，跟在她后面。
  2. She shouldered past a woman with a screaming baby.
     她从一个怀抱啼哭婴儿的女人身边挤了过去。
• （用肩膀）推开，顶开
  to push sb/sth out of your way with your shoulder
  1. He shouldered the man aside.
     他一膀子把那男人撞到了一旁。
肩负 carry on shoulder
• 背；扛；挑；担
  to carry sth on your shoulder
  1. She shouldered her bag and set off home.
     她扛起包朝家走去。

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 肩;肩膀;肩胛
  Yourshouldersare between your neck and the tops of your arms.
  1. She led him to an armchair, with her arm round his shoulder...
     她揽着他的肩膀，将他领到一把扶手椅旁。
  2. He glanced over his shoulder and saw me watching him.
     他扭头瞥了一眼，看见我正看他。
• N-COUNT (衣服的)肩部
  Theshouldersof a piece of clothing are the parts that cover your shoulders.
  1. ...extravagant fashions with padded shoulders.
     带垫肩的华丽时装
• N-PLURAL (问题、责任等)由…承担，落在…肩上
  When you talk about someone's problems or responsibilities, you can say that they carry themontheirshoulders.
  1. No one suspected the anguish he carried on his shoulders...
     没人觉察出他所承担的痛苦。
  2. I fervently hope he recognizes and understands the burden that's on his shoulders.
     我热诚地希望他能认识到并懂得自己肩负的重任。
• VERB 承担;担负;肩负
  If youshoulderthe responsibility or the blame for something, you accept it.
  1. He has had to shoulder the responsibility of his father's mistakes...
     他得为他父亲的过错承担责任。
  2. Some of the blame for the disastrous night must be shouldered by the promoters.
     筹办方必须为那个灾难性的夜晚承担一部分责任。
• VERB 背;扛;挑;担
  If youshouldersomething heavy, you put it across one of your shoulders so that you can carry it more easily.
  1. The rest of the group shouldered their bags, gritted their teeth and set off...
     那群人中其余的人扛起包，咬着牙出发了。
  2. He shouldered his bike and walked across the finish line.
     他扛着自行车走过了终点线。
• VERB 用肩推(或挤)
  If youshouldersomeoneasideor if youshoulderyourwaysomewhere, you push past people roughly using your shoulder.
  1. The policemen rushed past him, shouldering him aside...
     警察从他身边匆匆而过，把他挤到一边。
  2. She could do nothing to stop him as he shouldered his way into the house...
     他使劲往屋子里挤，她根本没法儿阻止他。
  3. He shouldered past Harlech and opened the door.
     他从哈莱克身边挤过去，打开了门。
• N-VAR (动物的)前腿连肩肉，前胛肉
  Ashoulderis a joint of meat from the upper part of the front leg of an animal.
  1. ...shoulder of lamb.
     小羊的前腿连肩肉
• See also:cold-shoulderhard shoulder
• PHRASE 倾诉的对象
  If someone offers youa shoulder to cry onor isa shoulder to cry on, they listen sympathetically as you talk about your troubles.
  1. Mrs Barrantes longs to be at her daughter's side to offer her a shoulder to cry on...
     巴兰特斯夫人很希望能在女儿身边听她倾诉。
  2. Roland sometimes saw me as a shoulder to cry on.
     罗兰有时把我看作是一个可以倾诉的对象。
• PHRASE 远胜过;大大超越
  If you say that someone or something standshead and shoulders aboveother people or things, you mean that they are a lot better than them.
  1. The two candidates stood head and shoulders above the rest...
     这两名候选人从所有人中脱颖而出。
  2. I am very impressed by your magazine. It is head and shoulders above any other.
     我对你们的杂志印象非常深刻。感觉比其他杂志好多了。
• PHRASE 惴惴不安;小心翼翼;小心提防
  If you say that someoneis looking overtheirshoulder, you mean that they feel anxious all the time about what someone may do to them.
  1. When a company keeps making people redundant, those who are left behind might start looking over their shoulder.
     当一家公司不停地裁员时，那些留下来的员工也会开始惴惴不安了。
• PHRASE 并肩;肩并肩
  If two or more people standshoulder to shoulder, they are standing next to each other, with their shoulders touching.
  1. They fell into step, walking shoulder to shoulder with their heads bent against the rain...
     他们开始迈着一致的步伐并肩而行，低着头躲避雨水。
  2. We went on board and saw these people packed shoulder to shoulder on the decks.
     我们上了船，看见这些人在甲板上肩挨着肩挤在一起。
• PHRASE 同心协力地
  If people work or standshoulder to shoulder, they work together in order to achieve something, or support each other.
  1. They could fight shoulder-to-shoulder against a common enemy...
     他们可以同心协力，对抗共同的敌人。
  2. We will need you and the chairman standing shoulder to shoulder on basic positions.
     我们需要你和主席在一些基本立场上共同进退。
• a chip onone'sshoulder→ see:chip

英英释义

noun

• a narrow edge of land (usually unpaved) along the side of a road
  1. the car pulled off onto the shoulder
  Synonym:berm
• the part of a garment that covers or fits over the shoulder
  1. an ornamental gold braid on the shoulder of his uniform
• the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm
• a ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and a cavity of the scapula
  Synonym:shoulder jointarticulatio humeri
• a cut of meat including the upper joint of the foreleg

verb

• push with the shoulders
  1. He shouldered his way into the crowd
• carry a burden, either real or metaphoric
  1. shoulder the burden
• lift onto one's shoulders

双语例句

• We will need you and the chairman standing shoulder to shoulder on basic positions.
  我们需要你和主席在一些基本立场上共同进退。
• When a company keeps making people redundant, those who are left behind might start looking over their shoulder.
  当一家公司不停地裁员时，那些留下来的员工也会开始惴惴不安了。
• She could do nothing to stop him as he shouldered his way into the house
  他使劲往屋子里挤，她根本没法儿阻止他。
• Sharpe's leg and shoulder began to ache, a sure sign of rain
  夏普的腿和肩膀开始疼痛，这预示着肯定要下雨了。
• He shouldered his bike and walked across the finish line.
  他扛着自行车走过了终点线。
• No one suspected the anguish he carried on his shoulders
  没人觉察出他所承担的痛苦。
• He suffered a dislocated shoulder, cuts and bruises.
  他肩膀脱臼了，身上还有伤口和挫伤。
• I fervently hope he recognizes and understands the burden that's on his shoulders.
  我热诚地希望他能认识到并懂得自己肩负的重任。
• I've got a lump on my shoulder
  我肩上肿了一块。
• We went on board and saw these people packed shoulder to shoulder on the decks.
  我们上了船，看见这些人在甲板上肩挨着肩挤在一起。