refine

英 [rɪˈfaɪn]

美 [rɪˈfaɪn]

v. 精炼; 提纯; 去除杂质; 改进; 改善; 使精练

现在分词：refining　过去分词：refined　过去式：refined　第三人称单数：refines　

Collins.1 / BNC.7830 / COCA.6600

牛津词典

verb

精炼；提纯；去除杂质
to make a substance pure by taking other substances out of it
1. the process of refining oil/sugar
  炼油的 / 炼糖的工序
改进；改善；使精练
to improve sth by making small changes to it

VERB 提炼;精炼
When a substanceis refined, it is made pure by having all other substances removed from it.
1. Oil is refined to remove naturally occurring impurities.
  油经过提炼去除天然存在的杂质。
VERB 改进，改善，改良（过程、理论或机器）
If something such as a process, theory, or machineis refined, it is improved by having small changes made to it.
1. Surgical techniques are constantly being refined.
  外科手术的技术不断得到完善。

verb

make more complex, intricate, or richer
1. refine a design or pattern
Synonym:complicaterarifyelaborate
make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of
1. refine a method of analysis
2. refine the constant in the equation
attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or validity by polishing or purifying
1. many valuable nutrients are refined out of the foods in our modern diet
improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
1. refine one's style of writing
Synonym:polishfine-tunedown
reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state
1. refine sugar
Synonym:rectify
treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition
1. refine paper stock
2. refine pig iron
3. refine oil