adversity
英 [ədˈvɜːsəti]
美 [ədˈvɜːrsəti]
n. 困境; 逆境
复数：adversities
Collins.1 / BNC.14307 / COCA.11343
同义词辨析
tragedyadversitycalamitycatastrophedisastermisfortune【导航词义：悲剧，灾难】
tragedyn. 悲剧性事件，惨剧
〔辨析〕
指因有人死亡而令人震惊的不幸事件。
〔例证〕
Mother's sudden death was a tragedy to the family.
母亲的突然去世对全家是一个极大的不幸。
The tragedy he mentioned took place in March.
他提到的那一悲惨事件发生在3月。
The tragedy occurred during the earthquake when four people of the same family were killed.
地震中悲剧发生了，一家人中有四个丧命。
母亲的突然去世对全家是一个极大的不幸。
The tragedy he mentioned took place in March.
他提到的那一悲惨事件发生在3月。
The tragedy occurred during the earthquake when four people of the same family were killed.
地震中悲剧发生了，一家人中有四个丧命。
adversityn. 逆境，不幸
〔辨析〕
指困难重重或不走运的境况。
〔例证〕
The others were greatly inspired by his courage in the face of adversity.
他面对逆境的勇气极大地鼓舞了其他人。
He is always ready to deal with adversity.
他时刻准备着去应对逆境。
他面对逆境的勇气极大地鼓舞了其他人。
He is always ready to deal with adversity.
他时刻准备着去应对逆境。
calamityn. 灾难，祸患
〔辨析〕
指意外发生的、造成重大损失的灾祸，语气强于 disaster，侧重于悲痛的心情；有时也指个人的不幸， 多为幽默用语。
〔例证〕
It will be a calamity for farmers if it keeps raining.
如果雨一直下个不停，将会给农民带来灾难。
The flood brought calamities to the local people.
洪水给当地民众带来了巨大灾难。
The marriage proved to be the greatest calamity of her life.
事实证明这桩婚姻是她一生中最大的不幸。
It will be a calamity if I fail my English exam.
这次英语考试我要是通不过就惨了。
如果雨一直下个不停，将会给农民带来灾难。
The flood brought calamities to the local people.
洪水给当地民众带来了巨大灾难。
The marriage proved to be the greatest calamity of her life.
事实证明这桩婚姻是她一生中最大的不幸。
It will be a calamity if I fail my English exam.
这次英语考试我要是通不过就惨了。
catastrophen. 重大灾难；大祸
〔辨析〕
语气最强，指造成破坏、死亡的可怕灾难，强调最终的结局；也可指极为麻烦的局面或悲惨的结局。
〔例证〕
Food is required immediately to avert a humanitarian catastrophe.
急需食物以避免一场人道主义灾难。
The forest fire was a catastrophe.
那场森林火灾是个大灾难。
The natural catastrophe dealt a heavy blow to this country's economy.
这场自然灾害给该国经济带来了严重的打击。
If the project is cancelled, it will be a catastrophe for all of the companies concerned.
如果该项目取消，对所有相关公司将是个灾难。
急需食物以避免一场人道主义灾难。
The forest fire was a catastrophe.
那场森林火灾是个大灾难。
The natural catastrophe dealt a heavy blow to this country's economy.
这场自然灾害给该国经济带来了严重的打击。
If the project is cancelled, it will be a catastrophe for all of the companies concerned.
如果该项目取消，对所有相关公司将是个灾难。
disastern. 灾难，灾祸
〔辨析〕
普通用词，通常指各类人为或自然的灾祸，如核泄漏、洪水、暴风雪等。
〔例证〕
The plane flew through the clouds in time and a disaster was narrowly averted.
飞机及时地飞过了云层，侥幸避免了一场灾难。
The oil spill was a disaster for sea animals.
那次石油泄漏对海洋动物是一场灾难。
The conference turned out to be a complete disaster.
大会最终搞得一团糟。
They overcame the natural disaster and even had a bumper harvest.
他们战胜了自然灾害，甚至还获得了大丰收。
飞机及时地飞过了云层，侥幸避免了一场灾难。
The oil spill was a disaster for sea animals.
那次石油泄漏对海洋动物是一场灾难。
The conference turned out to be a complete disaster.
大会最终搞得一团糟。
They overcame the natural disaster and even had a bumper harvest.
他们战胜了自然灾害，甚至还获得了大丰收。
misfortunen. 不幸，灾祸
〔辨析〕
多指较为严重的不幸，强调多由厄运或外界因素所致。
〔例证〕
The climbers had the misfortune of running into a snowslide, but no one got hurt.
登山队员不幸遇到雪崩，但没有人受伤。
She is distressed by misfortune.
厄运使她忧伤。
We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.
我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。
Misfortune befell me when I was still young.
我年纪还很小的时候就遭到了不幸。
登山队员不幸遇到雪崩，但没有人受伤。
She is distressed by misfortune.
厄运使她忧伤。
We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.
我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。
Misfortune befell me when I was still young.
我年纪还很小的时候就遭到了不幸。
牛津词典
noun
- 困境；逆境
a difficult or unpleasant situation- courage in the face of adversity
面对逆境的勇气 - He overcame many personal adversities.
他克服了多次个人不幸。
- courage in the face of adversity
柯林斯词典
- N-VAR 厄运；逆境；困境
Adversity is a very difficult or unfavourable situation.- He showed courage in adversity.
他在逆境中表现出了勇气。
- He showed courage in adversity.
英英释义
noun
- a stroke of ill fortune
- a period marked by adversities
- a state of misfortune or affliction
- debt-ridden farmers struggling with adversity
- a life of hardship
双语例句
- The Heaven gives us adversity and restrictions, rules to follow from which we can grow and gain strength.
天堂给我们患难和制约，规则从哪些跟随我们可以增长和获取力量。 - It propels us to find solutions to problems we never would have considered if not for adversity.
它驱使我们找到解决问题的方法，如果不是身处逆境，也许我们永远不会考虑到。 - But the good news is that adversity and suffering will make you appreciate life afterwards.
但好在遭遇逆境和磨难之后，会让你对生活满怀感激之情。 - We must believe: now we have, whether in prosperity, adversity, are our best arrangement.
我们必须相信：目前我们所拥有的，不论顺境、逆境，都是对我们最好的安排。 - I have gone through many difficulties, experienced hardship, but adversity brought me power and confidence.
我经历了许多艰难困苦，但它也给了我力量和信心。 - They had to struggle against all kinds of adversity
他们不得不同一切困境做斗争。 - We have learnt the hard way in the face of adversity.
我们学习到了面临逆境的应对方法。 - Showing patient and unruffled self-control and restraint under adversity; slow to retaliate or express resentment.
在逆境中表现出忍耐的和沉着的自制和克制的；慢于报复、表达或怨恨的。 - Adversity comes with instruction in its hand.
逆境给人以教益。 - What little pain and adversity I've experienced so far is simply nothing compared to what he's been through.
我过去所受的那些委屈和刺激，比起他来，也只是小巫见大巫，算不得什么。